What Animals Are In The Bear Family

Species in mammal family Ursidae

Ursidae is a family unit of mammals in the order Carnivora, which includes the giant panda, chocolate-brown bear, and polar deport, and many other extant and extinct mammals. A member of this family unit is called a bear or an ursid. They are widespread across the Americas and Eurasia. Bear habitats are generally forests, though some species tin can exist establish in grassland and savana regions, and the polar bear lives in arctic and aquatic habitats. Almost bears are 1.two–two m (iv–vii ft) long, plus a 3–twenty cm (1–8 in) tail, though the polar bear is 2.ii–2.44 m (7–8 ft) long, and some subspecies of brown bear tin be up to 2.eight grand (nine ft). Weights range greatly from the sun bear, which can be as depression as 35 kg (77 lb), to the polar behave, which can be as high as 726 kg (1,600 lb). Population sizes vary, with 6 species classified as vulnerable with populations as depression as 500, while the dark-brown bear has a population of over 100,000 and the American black bear effectually 800,000. Many bear species primarily swallow specific foods, such as seals for the polar bear or termites and fruit for the sloth conduct, just with the exception of the giant panda, which exclusively eats bamboo, ursids are omnivorous when necessary. No ursid species accept been domesticated, though some bears have been trained for entertainment.^[1]

The viii species of Ursidae are split up into five genera in three subfamilies: the monotypic Ailuropodinae, the panda bears; Tremarctinae, the short-faced bears; and Ursinae, containing all other extant bears. Extinct species have also been placed into all three extant subfamilies, also as three extinct ones: Agriotheriinae, Hemicyoninae, and Ursavinae. Over 100 extinct Ursidae species take been found, though due to ongoing enquiry and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

Conventions [edit]

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
EX	Extinct (0 species)
EW	Extinct in the wild (0 species)
CR	Critically Endangered (0 species)
EN	Endangered (0 species)
VU	Vulnerable (6 species)
NT	Well-nigh threatened (0 species)
LC	Least concern (2 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Marriage for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Ruby List of Threatened Species. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed aslope extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "". Population figures are rounded to the nearest hundred.

Classification [edit]

The family Ursidae consists of eight extant species belonging to five genera in three subfamilies and divided into dozens of extant subspecies. This does not include ursid hybrid species such as grizzly–polar bear hybrids or extinct prehistoric species.

• Subfamily Ailuropodinae
  • Genus Ailuropoda (panda bears): one species
• Subfamily Tremarctinae
  • Genus Tremarctos (short-faced bears): one species
• Subfamily Ursinae
  • Genus Helarctos: (sunday bear): one species
  • Genus Melursus: (sloth bear): one species
  • Genus Ursus (bears): four species

Ursids [edit]

The post-obit classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the Earth (2005), with augmentation by more often than not accustomed proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis; this includes the sectionalisation of the giant panda into two subspecies. In that location are several additional proposals which are disputed, such every bit reclassifying the subspecies of the brown bear into a smaller set of clades,^{[two] [iii]} which are non included hither.

Subfamily Ailuropodinae [edit]

Genus Ailuropoda (H. Milne-Edwards, 1870) – ane species

Common name	Scientific proper noun and subspecies	Range	Size and environmental	IUCN status and estimated population
Giant panda	A. melanoleuca David, 1869 Two subspecies A. g. melanoleuca A. m. qinlingensis (Qinling panda)	Key Prc	Size: 150–180 cm (59–71 in) long, plus 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tail 80–123 kg (176–271 lb)[4] [5] Habitat: Forest[six] Diet: Eats only bamboo[half dozen]	VU 500–ane,000 [6]

Subfamily Tremarctinae [edit]

Genus Tremarctos (Gervais, 1855) – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Spectacled acquit	T. ornatus F. Cuvier, 1825	Andes mountains in South America	Size: 120–200 cm (47–79 in) long, plus seven cm (3 in) tail lx–175 kg (132–386 lb)[7] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and forest[8] Diet: Primarily eats bromeliads and palm trees, too every bit cattle, other mammals, and fruit[8]	VU 2,500–10,000 [8]

Subfamily Ursinae [edit]

Genus Helarctos (Horsfield, 1825) – 1 species

Common name	Scientific proper name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Sun deport	H. malayanus Raffles, 1821 Two subspecies H. m. euryspilus (Bornean sun acquit) H. m. malayanus (Malayan sun bear)	Southeast Asia (current range in brownish, sometime in blackness)	Size: 120–150 cm (47–59 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (i–three in) tail 35–80 kg (77–176 lb)[9] [10] Habitat: Wood and shrubland[eleven] Diet: Primarily eats termites, ants, protrude larvae, bee larvae, dearest, and fruit[11]	VU l,000[12] [11]

Genus Melursus (Meyer, 1793) – i species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Sloth deport	M. ursinus Shaw, 1791 Two subspecies M. u. inornatus (Sri Lankan sloth bear) M. u. ursinus (Indian sloth carry)	Republic of india (current range in dark-green, former in black)	Size: 150–180 cm (59–71 in) long, plus seven–12 cm (3–5 in) tail 54–141 kg (119–311 lb)[13] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, forest, and savanna[14] Diet: Primarily eats termites and fruit[fourteen]	VU six,000–xi,000[15] [14]

Genus Ursus (Linnaeus, 1758) – four species

Common name	Scientific proper name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN condition and estimated population
American black bear	U. americanus Pallas, 1780 16 subspecies U. a. altifrontalis (Olympic black deport) U. a. amblyceps (New Mexico blackness deport) U. a. americanus (Eastern black acquit) U. a. californiensis (California blackness bear) U. a. carlottae (Haida Gwaii black conduct) U. a. cinnamomum (Cinnamon bear) U. a. emmonsii (Glacier behave) U. a. eremicus (East Mexican black bear) U. a. floridanus (Florida blackness bear) U. a. hamiltoni (Newfoundland black bear) U. a. kermodei (Kermode bear) U. a. luteolus (Louisiana black bear) U. a. machetes (West Mexican black behave) U. a. perniger (Kenai black comport) U. a. pugnax (Dall Island blackness bear) U. a. vancouveri (Vancouver Island black bear)	North America (electric current range in red, quondam in pink)	Size: 120–200 cm (47–79 in) long, plus eight–14 cm (3–half dozen in) tail 39–409 kg (86–902 lb)[16] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, grassland, shrubland, and desert[17] Diet: Omnivorous; eats vegetation, roots, buds, fruit, nuts, insects, fish, mammals, and carrion[17]	LC 735,000–941,000[xviii] [17]
Asian blackness bear	U. thibetanus Cuvier, 1823 7 subspecies U. t. formosanus (Formosan black deport) U. t. gedrosianus (Balochistan blackness bear) U. t. japonicus (Japanese black behave) U. t. laniger (Himalayan black carry) U. t. mupinensis (Indochinese black behave) U. t. thibetanus (Tibetan black bear) U. t. ussuricus (Ussuri black bear)	South and East Asia (current range in brownish, one-time in black)	Size: 120–180 cm (47–71 in) long, plus six–11 cm (2–iv in) tail 65–150 kg (143–331 lb)[19] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, grassland, and shrubland[20] Diet: Eats vegetation, insects, fruit, basics, ungulates, and livestock[twenty]	VU 50,000[12] [20]
Brown bear	U. arctos Linnaeus, 1758 Sixteen subspecies U. a. alascensis (Alaskan grizzly deport) U. a. arctos (Eurasian chocolate-brown bear) U. a. beringianus (Kamchatka brownish acquit) U. a. californicus (California grizzly bear) U. a. collaris (East Siberian brown carry) U. a. crowtheri (Atlas deport) U. a. dalli (Dall Island brown bear) U. a. gyas (Alaska Peninsula brown bear) U. a. horribilis (Grizzly bear) U. a. isabellinus (Himalayan brown bear) U. a. lasiotus (Ussuri brown bear) U. a. middendorffi (Kodiak bear) U. a. pruinosus (Tibetan bluish bear) U. a. sitkensis (ABC Islands carry) U. a. stikeenensis (Stickeen brown bear) U. a. syriacus (Syrian dark-brown bear)	Northern Northward America and Europe, and northern and cardinal Asia	Size: 100–280 cm (39–110 in) long, plus 6–20 cm (2–8 in) tail eighty–550 kg (176–ane,213 lb)[21] Habitat: Desert, woods, inland wetlands, grassland, and shrubland[22] Diet: Omnivorous; eats grasses, herbs, roots, berries, nuts, insects, mammals, and fish[22]	LC 110,000 [22]
Polar bear	U. maritimus Mulgrave, 1774	Polar North America and Asia	Size: 220–244 cm (87–96 in) long, plus seven–13 cm (3–5 in) tail 408–726 kg (900–1,600 lb)[23] Habitat: Marine oceanic, shrubland, forest, grassland, marine coastal/supratidal, and marine intertidal[24] Diet: Primarily eats seals, as well as walruses, beluga whales, birds, fish, vegetation and kelp[24]	VU 23,000[25] [24]

Prehistoric ursids [edit]

In addition to extant bears, a number of prehistoric species have been discovered and classified every bit a part of Ursidae. In addition to being placed within the iii extant subfamilies, they have been categorized within the extinct subfamilies Agriotheriinae, Hemicyoninae, and Ursavinae, some of which are subdivided into named tribes. There is no generally accepted classification of extinct ursid species. The species listed hither are based on data from the Paleobiology Database, unless otherwise cited. Where bachelor, the approximate time period the species was extant is given in millions of years before the nowadays (Mya), also based on information from the Paleobiology Database.^[26] All listed species are extinct; where a genus or subfamily within Ursidae comprises only extinct species, it is indicated with a dagger symbol .

• 

  Prehistoric art of Ursus spelaeus (cavern comport)

See also [edit]

• Listing of individual bears
• List of fictional bears

Notes [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Extinct prehistoric subspecies of an extant species

References [edit]

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2. ^ Calvignac, S.; Hughes, Due south.; Tougard, C.; Michaux, J.; Thevenot, M.; Philippe, Chiliad.; Hamdine, W.; Hanni, C. (2008). "Aboriginal Deoxyribonucleic acid evidence for the loss of a highly divergent brown bear clade during historical times". Molecular Ecology. 17 (8): 1962–1970. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03631.x. PMID 18363668. S2CID 23361337.
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21. ^ "Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) Fact Sheet: Concrete Characteristics". San Diego Zoo Global Library. San Diego Zoo. Oct xv, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
22. ^ ^{a b c} McLellan, B. Due north.; Proctor, M. F.; Huber, D.; Michel, Due south. (2017) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Ursus arctos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T41688A121229971. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T41688A121229971.en.
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28. ^ Sabol, M. (2001). "Fossil Brown Bears of Slovakia (Los osos pardos fósiles de Eslovaquia)" (PDF). Cadernos do Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe. Bratislava. 26: 311–316. ISSN 0213-4497.
29. ^ García, Northward.; Santos, E.; Arsuaga, J. L.; Carretero, J. M. (Dec 2007). "Endocranial morphology of the Ursus deningeri von Reichenau 1904 from the Sima de los huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca) heart Pleistocene site". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (iv): 1007–1017. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[1007:EMOTUD]ii.0.CO;2.
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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ursids

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